Joint association of the newly proposed dietary index for gut microbiota and sleep disorders with survival among US adult population with diabetes and pre-diabetes

This study examines the joint effects of the Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and sleep disorders on mortality among US adults with diabetes and pre-diabetes, using NHANES data from 2007–2018. The DI-GM, based on 14 food components linked to gut health, was found to be inversely associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Individuals with high DI-GM scores (≥6) and no sleep disorders had the lowest mortality risks. The study underscores the synergistic importance of gut-focused dietary interventions and sleep quality in improving survival outcomes for these populations.